{"id":4264,"date":"2024-09-28T23:43:17","date_gmt":"2024-09-28T15:43:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ficchem.com\/?p=4264"},"modified":"2024-10-15T14:04:17","modified_gmt":"2024-10-15T06:04:17","slug":"what-sodium-bicarbonate-do","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ficchem.com\/fi\/what-sodium-bicarbonate-do\/","title":{"rendered":"mit\u00e4 natriumbikarbonaatti tekee"},"content":{"rendered":"

mit\u00e4 natriumbikarbonaatti tekee<\/h2>\n
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 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\"mihin<\/p>\n

Mit\u00e4 on natriumbikarbonaatti?<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n

Natriumbikarbonaatti tunnetaan my\u00f6s nimell\u00e4 ruokasooda. Se on valkoinen jauhe tai hieno kide, hajuton ja mauton, veteen liukeneva. Kemiallinen kaava on NaHCO3. Natriumbikarbonaatti on happosuola, joka muodostuu vahvan em\u00e4ksen neutraloinnista heikon hapon kanssa, ja se on veteen liuotettuna heikosti em\u00e4ksinen.<\/p>\n

Kiinte\u00e4 aine alkaa hajota yli 50 \u00b0C:n l\u00e4mp\u00f6tilassa natriumkarbonaatiksi, hiilidioksidiksi ja vedeksi ja hajoaa kokonaan 270 \u00b0C:ssa.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

Natriumbikarbonaatin sovellukset ja k\u00e4ytt\u00f6:<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Koska natriumbikarbonaatti on turvallista ja myrkyt\u00f6nt\u00e4, sit\u00e4 k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n usein laajalti t\u00e4rke\u00e4n\u00e4 elintarvikelis\u00e4aineena. Natriumbikarbonaatin k\u00e4ytt\u00f6 on heikosti em\u00e4ksist\u00e4, mik\u00e4 voi neutraloida hapanta. Hajoamisen aikana syntyv\u00e4ll\u00e4 hiilidioksidilla voi olla p\u00f6rr\u00f6inen rooli elintarvikkeissa. Natriumbikarbonaattia k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n usein leiv\u00e4ss\u00e4, kekseiss\u00e4 ja juomasoodassa.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

Natriumbikarbonaatin tuotanto:<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Natriumbikarbonaatin kemiallinen kaava NaHCO3 on tyypillinen ep\u00e4orgaaninen yhdiste. Teollisessa tuotannossa on nelj\u00e4 p\u00e4\u00e4valmistusmenetelm\u00e4\u00e4:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Ammoniakkipohjainen menetelm\u00e4:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    P\u00e4\u00e4raaka-aineet: nestem\u00e4inen ammoniakki, vesi, hiilidioksidi.<\/p>\n

    Kemiallinen kaava CO2+NH3+H2O=NH4HCO3
    NaCl+NH4HCO3=NaHCO3+NH4Cl<\/p>\n

    T\u00e4m\u00e4 menetelm\u00e4 vaatii huomiota: Koska NaHCO3 on liukoinen, NaHCO3 on saostettava, jotta NaCl:n ja NH4HCO3:n konsentraatio olisi suuri. Lis\u00e4ksi, koska CO2:n liukoisuus veteen on pieni ja NH3:n liukoisuus veteen on suuri, NH4HCO3:n lis\u00e4\u00e4miseksi on ensin l\u00e4p\u00e4ist\u00e4v\u00e4 NH3 ja sitten sy\u00f6tett\u00e4v\u00e4 CO2.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Yhdistetty alkalimenetelm\u00e4:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Kokonaisreaktioyht\u00e4l\u00f6:<\/p>\n

      NaCl + CO2+NH3+H2O=NaHCO3\u2193+NH4Cl (typpilannoite).<\/p>\n

      2NaHCO3=Na2CO3+H2O+CO2\u2191 (CO2:n kierr\u00e4tys) (reaktio-olosuhteina l\u00e4mmitys).<\/p>\n

      (NaHCO3 saostuu reaktiossa, joten t\u00e4ss\u00e4 on saostumissymboli, mik\u00e4 on t\u00e4m\u00e4n menetelm\u00e4n k\u00e4tevyys).
      Ammoniakkipohjaisen menetelm\u00e4n edut s\u00e4ilyv\u00e4t ja sen haitat poistuvat, ja suolan k\u00e4ytt\u00f6aste nousee 96%:een. NH4Cl:\u00e4\u00e4 voidaan k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 typpilannoitteena (typpilannoitetta ei voi sekoittaa em\u00e4ksisten aineiden kanssa, mutta sen puhtaus voidaan tarkistaa kasvien tuhkan avulla). Se voidaan yhdist\u00e4\u00e4 synteettisen ammoniakkilaitoksen kanssa raa'an ammoniakkikaasun CO:n muuttamiseksi CO2:ksi ja CaCO3:n poistamiseksi CO2:ksi mahdollisen ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6n saastumisen v\u00e4hent\u00e4miseksi.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Synteesimenetelm\u00e4<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Synteesimenetelm\u00e4\u00e4 kutsutaan my\u00f6s soodamenetelm\u00e4ksi. Tuotanto on usein yhdess\u00e4 soodatehtaan tuotannon kanssa. Siksi synteettinen natriumbikarbonaatin tuotantoyksikk\u00f6 on periaatteessa rakennettu soodatehtaan kanssa, jotta prosessin laskentaj\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4st\u00e4 saatavaa korkean l\u00e4mp\u00f6tilan soodaa voidaan hy\u00f6dynt\u00e4\u00e4 suoraan \u00e4idin nesteytysprosessin nopeuttamiseksi. Tarjota p\u00e4tev\u00e4\u00e4 lipe\u00e4\u00e4 my\u00f6hempi\u00e4 toimintoja varten.<\/p>\n

        Sen varmistamiseksi, ett\u00e4 em\u00e4liuoksessa oleva ylim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4inen NaHCO3 hajoaa kokonaan, NaHCO3:n kiteytymisen estyminen lipe\u00e4n kuljetuksen aikana v\u00e4henee ja materiaalin korkea l\u00e4mp\u00f6tila s\u00e4ilyy koko toiminnan ajan. Siksi synteesimenetelm\u00e4\u00e4 kutsutaan usein korkean l\u00e4mp\u00f6tilan alkaliprosessiksi. Prosessin kulku on esitetty alla olevassa kuvassa.<\/p>\n

        \"natriumbikarbonaatti<\/p>\n

        Natriumbikarbonaattiprosessin vuokaavio<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Trona-menetelm\u00e4<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Tronan valmistusmenetelm\u00e4\u00e4 kutsutaan my\u00f6s tronan hiiltymismenetelm\u00e4ksi. Kiinalla on runsaat luonnonvarat tronaa. Karbonisointi (tarkalleen ottaen karbonisointi) on merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4 tronan k\u00e4sittelytekniikka Kiinassa. Tronan karbonisointimenetelm\u00e4 tuottaa natriumbikarbonaattia. Sill\u00e4 on keskeinen rooli maassa.<\/p>\n

          \u00a0<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

          T\u00e4rkeimm\u00e4t natriumbikarbonaatin tuottajat ja viej\u00e4t:<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

          Nyky\u00e4\u00e4n Kiinan ja Yhdysvaltojen osuus maailman natriumbikarbonaatin viennist\u00e4 on suurin. Kiinaa pidet\u00e4\u00e4n viej\u00e4n\u00e4, joka on kasvanut eniten.<\/p>\n

          Kiinan natriumbikarbonaatin t\u00e4rkeimm\u00e4t tuotantoalueet sijaitsevat Hunanissa, Sis\u00e4-Mongoliassa, Shandongissa ja Henanissa. K\u00e4ytetyt tekniikat vaihtelevat hieman kunkin paikan luontaisten olosuhteiden mukaan. Esimerkiksi Sis\u00e4-Mongoliassa k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n trona-menetelm\u00e4\u00e4 trona-soodan tuottamiseen. Shandong k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 rannikkoetua yhdistetyn alkalimenetelm\u00e4n ja synteettisen natriumbikarbonaattimenetelm\u00e4n tuottamiseen.<\/p>\n

          Kiinan natriumbikarbonaatin vienti suuntautuu p\u00e4\u00e4asiassa Japaniin, Etel\u00e4-Koreaan, Kaakkois-Aasiaan ja L\u00e4hi-it\u00e4\u00e4n. Yhdysvallat vie natriumbikarbonaattia Amerikkaan ja Eurooppaan.<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

          Tuotantoon vaikuttavat tekij\u00e4t:<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

          Edell\u00e4 esitettyjen tietojen perusteella on t\u00e4rke\u00e4\u00e4 mainita, ett\u00e4 natriumbikarbonaatin hintaan vaikuttavat p\u00e4\u00e4asiassa sellaiset tekij\u00e4t kuin raaka-aineet (nestem\u00e4inen ammoniakki, soodasooda), kysynn\u00e4n ja tarjonnan suhde sek\u00e4 ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6yst\u00e4v\u00e4llinen tuotanto.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          mit\u00e4 natriumbikarbonaatti tekee Mik\u00e4 on natriumbikarbonaatti? Natriumbikarbonaatti tunnetaan my\u00f6s nimell\u00e4 ruokasooda. Se on valkoinen jauhe tai hieno kide, hajuton ja mauton, veteen liukeneva. Kemiallinen kaava on NaHCO3. Natriumbikarbonaatti on happosuola, joka muodostuu vahvan em\u00e4ksen neutraloinnista heikolla hapolla, ja se on [...].<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4265,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,111],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4264","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","category-product-information"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nwhat sodium bicarbonate do - Welcome to FIC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ficchem.com\/fi\/what-sodium-bicarbonate-do\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fi_FI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"what sodium bicarbonate do - Welcome to FIC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"what sodium bicarbonate do     What is\u00a0Sodium Bicarbonate? Sodium bicarbonate\u00a0is also known as Baking Soda. It is a white powder or fine crystal, odourless and tasteless, soluble in water.\u00a0The chemical formula is NaHCO3. 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Sodium bicarbonate\u00a0is also known as Baking Soda. It is a white powder or fine crystal, odourless and tasteless, soluble in water.\u00a0The chemical formula is NaHCO3. 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